Global analysis of constraints to natural climate solutions implementation

According to Oxford Academic, NCS hold major climate mitigation potential, yet their implementation is hindered by social, political, economic, and informational barriers. This paper maps 2,480 constraint instances across 10 pathways and 135 countries, finding that reforestation and agroforestry are most impacted. Funding gaps, policy inefficiencies, and equity concerns dominate. The authors call for adaptive, cross-sector strategies to address co-occurring constraints and improve project feasibility.